Variant Rules:

All rules are as in Standard Diplomacy, except as follows:

1. Game Start. Play begins in Spring of the year 1701.

2. High Seas Provinces. The five High Seas Provinces (North Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, East Pacific Ocean, West Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean) may be occupied by multiple fleets. These fleets may not be attacked and therefore cannot be dislodged. Fleets located in High Seas Provinces may not provide support, but may convoy armies.

3. Four-Way Intersections. A fleet located in any of the provinces which meet in four-way intersections of the map, specifically (a) North Atlantic Ocean, Sea of Pernambuco, Bight of Benin and South Atlantic Ocean, (b) South Atlantic Ocean, Benguela Sea, Agulhas Sea and Indian Ocean, (c) Indian Ocean, Australian Bight, Coral Sea and West Pacific Ocean, (d) West Pacific Ocean, Aleutian Sea, Gulf of Alaska and East Pacific Ocean and (e) East Pacific Ocean, Magellanic Sea, Argentine Sea and South Atlantic Ocean, may move directly to any of the other three provinces, i.e., each of the provinces in each four-way intersection is adjacent to the three other provinces in such intersection.

4. Full Strength and Half Strength Supply Centers. Each Power other than China, India, Oman and Persia (each, an “Asian Power”), starts the game with one, two or three full-strength Supply Centers, as shown on the starting map. Powers may gain additional full-strength Supply Centers (up to a total of four at any one time) as follows:

(a) Five Year Upgrade. Every fifth game year (1705, 1710, 1715 and so on), each Power then owning less than four full-strength Supply Centers may designate one half-strength Supply Center owned by that Power as a full-strength Supply Center for that Power during the adjustment phase of that game year.

(b) Spread of Knowledge Upgrade. In the event that prior to 1705 a full-strength unit is located in a province adjacent to a unit or a Supply Center of an Asian Power, or a unit of an Asian Power is located in a province adjacent to a full-strength Supply Center, then the Asian Power may designate a half-strength Supply Center owned by that Power as a full-strength Supply Center for that Power during the adjustment phase of that game year. This is a one-time upgrade.

(c) Government in Exile Upgrade. Any Power losing the last of its then owned full-strength Supply Centers may designate one half-strength Supply Center owned by that Power as a full-strength Supply Center for that Power during the adjustment phase of that game year.

(d) Loss and Recapture. A full-strength Supply Center becomes a half-strength Supply Center for the capturing Power. In the event the Supply Center is recaptured by the former owner, it may be re-designated as a full-strength Supply Center during the adjustment phase of that game year, provided that such a designation does not cause the Power to own more than four full-strength Supply Centers. In the event that a Power recaptures more than one of its former full-strength Supply Centers in the same game year, the capturing Power may, if designating all of the recaptured Supply Centers as full-strength Supply Centers would cause it to exceed a total of four full-strength Supply Centers, select from among the recaptured Supply Centers to so designate.

(e) Upgrades Cumulative and Immediately Effective. The ability to upgrade Supply Centers from half-strength to full-strength set forth in the Five Year Upgrade rule, the Spred of Knowledge rule, the Government in Exile Upgrade rule and the Loss and Recapture rule is cumulative, provided the overall limit of four full-strength Supply Center may not be exceeded, and such upgrades are permanent, unless the Supply Center in question is captured. Supply Centers may function as full-strength Supply Centers immediately upon designation, that is, a full-strength unit may be built (or refitted, see Rule 6 below) simultaneously with the designation of the applicable Supply Center as a full-strength Supply Center.

5. Full-Strength and Half-Strength Units. Full-Strength units have power for the purposes of attack, defense and support equal to twice that of half-strength units. A half-strength fleet may convoy a full-strength army. Full-strength and half-strength units are equally effective in cutting support.

6. Building Units; Unit Refit. A Power may build full-strength units in any full-strength Supply Center owned by that Power. A Power may build half-strength units in any Supply Center owned by that Power. A Power with a half-strength unit located in a full-strength Supply Center during an adjustment phase may choose to refit the unit, upgrading it to a full-strength unit during that adjustment phase.

7. Supply of Units by Full-Strength and Half-Strength Supply Centers. Full-strength and half-strength Supply Centers are equally effective for supporting units. For example, a Power owning one full-strength Supply Center and two half-strength Supply Centers can fully supply three full-strength units.

8. Victory Criteria. Victory is not earned upon a Power gaining ownership of a majority of the 125 Supply Centers. Each Power has its own victory criterion, as follows: Austria, 36; China, 30; Denmark, 37; England, 40; France, 42; India, 30; Netherlands, 37; Oman, 30; Persia, 30; Poland, 36; Portugal, 37, Russia, 38; Spain, 42; Sweden, 37 and Turkey, 39. In the event that more than one Power attains its victory criterion in the same game year, that Power which exceeds its victory criterion by the greatest amount will be the game winner. In the event that each Power meeting or exceeding its respective victory criterion does so by an equal amount, play shall continue until only one Power meets or exceeds its victory criterion or until one Power exceeds its victory criterion by a greater amount than any other Power. Ownership of full-strength and half-strength Supply Centers counts equally toward attaining the victory criterion for each Power.